Bewise Inc. www.tool-tool.com Reference source from the internet.
v d e
Iron alloy phases

Austenite (γ-iron; hard)
Bainite
Martensite
Cementite (iron carbide; Fe3C)
Ledeburite (ferrite - cementite eutectic, 4.3% carbon)
Ferrite (α-iron, δ-iron; soft)
Pearlite (88% ferrite, 12% cementite)
Spheroidite

Types of steel

Carbon steel (≤2.1% carbon; low alloy)
Stainless steel (steel with chromium)
HSLA steel (high strength low alloy)
Tool steel (very hard)

Other iron-based materials

Cast iron (>2.1% carbon)
Wrought iron (contains slag)
Ductile iron

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Bewise Inc. www.tool-tool.com Reference source from the internet.炭素鋼(たんそこう、carbon steel)とは、鉄と炭素の合金のことである。炭素含有量が、最低で0.02[mass%]含まれるものを指す。最大含有量は2.14[mass%]。普通鋼ともいう。 一般的によく使用される鉄鋼材料であり、『鉄鋼材料』というときは、普通は炭素鋼を指す。

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Bewise Inc. www.tool-tool.com Reference source from the internet.This article is about Japanese Industrial Standards in general; see JIS encoding for the character encoding used in representing the Japanese language for computer software and communication. JIS symbol (used since October 1, 2005 and all changed to this renewed JIS symbol from October 1, 2008).

JIS symbol (used since October 1, 2005 and all changed to this renewed JIS symbol from October 1, 2008).

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Bewise Inc. www.tool-tool.com Reference source from the internet.新JISマーク (2005年10月1日から付記され、2008年10月1日以降は旧JISマークは使えず、すべてこの新JISマークとなる)

新JISマーク (2005年10月1日から付記され、2008年10月1日以降は旧JISマークは使えず、すべてこの新JISマークとなる)

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Gaspar Schott's sketch of Otto von Guericke's Magdeburg hemispheres experiment.
Bewise Inc. www.tool-tool.com Reference source from the internet.The Magdeburg hemispheres were a pair of large copper hemispheres with mating rims. When the rims were sealed with grease and the air was pumped out, the sphere contained a vacuum and could not be pulled apart by teams of horses. The Magdeburg hemispheres were designed by German scientist Otto von Guericke in 1650 to demonstrate the air pump he had invented and the concept of air pressure. The first artificial vacuum had been produced a few years earlier by Evangelista Torricelli, and had inspired von Guericke to design the world's first vacuum pump, which consisted of a piston and cylinder with one-way flap valves. To power the machine, several people would turn a crank arm connected to the vacuum pump.

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Bewise Inc. www.tool-tool.com Reference source from the internet.A field emission display (FED) is a type of flat panel display using field emitting cathodes to bombard phosphor coatings as the light emissive medium.

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Bewise Inc. www.tool-tool.com Reference source from the internet.
A solar cell, made from a monocrystalline silicon wafer

A solar cell, made from a monocrystalline silicon wafer

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Bewise Inc. www.tool-tool.com Reference source from the internet. A cloth of woven carbon fiber filaments, a common element in composite materials

A cloth of woven carbon fiber filaments, a common element in composite materials

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Bewise Inc. www.tool-tool.com Reference source from the internet. Topographic scan of a glass surface

Topographic scan of a glass surface

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Bewise Inc. www.tool-tool.com Reference source from the internet. Image of reconstruction on a clean Gold(100) surface.
Image of reconstruction on a clean Gold(100) surface.

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Bewise Inc. www.tool-tool.com Reference source from the internet.

Part of a series of articles on
Nanotechnology


History
Implications
Applications
Organizations
In fiction and popular culture
List of topics

Subfields and related fields

Nanomaterials
Fullerenes
Carbon nanotubes
Nanoparticles

Nanomedicine
Nanotoxicology
Nanosensor

Molecular self-assembly
Self-assembled monolayer
Supramolecular assembly
DNA nanotechnology

Nanoelectronics
Molecular electronics
Nanocircuitry
Nanolithography

Scanning probe microscopy
Atomic force microscope
Scanning tunneling microscope

Molecular nanotechnology
Molecular assembler
Nanorobotics
Mechanosynthesis

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