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24 vanadiumkromiummangan
-

Cr

Mo

Keterangan Umum Unsur
Nama, Lambang, Nomor atom kromium, Cr, 24
Seri kimia logam transisi
Golongan, Periode, Blok 6, 4, d
Penampilan perak metalik
Massa atom 51.9961(6) g/mol
Konfigurasi elektron [Ar] 3d5 4s1
Jumlah elektron tiap kulit 2, 8, 13, 1
Ciri-ciri fisik
Fase solid
Massa jenis (sekitar suhu kamar) 7.15 g/cm³
Massa jenis cair pada titik lebur 6.3 g/cm³
Titik lebur 2180 K
(1907 °C, 3465 °F)
Titik didih 2944 K
(2671 °C, 4840 °F)
Kalor peleburan 21.0 kJ/mol
Kalor penguapan 339.5 kJ/mol
Kapasitas kalor (25 °C) 23.35 J/(mol·K)
Tekanan uap
P/Pa 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
pada T/K 1656 1807 1991 2223 2530 2942
Ciri-ciri atom
Struktur kristal cubic body centered
Bilangan oksidasi 6, 4, 3, 2
(strongly acidic oxide)
Elektronegativitas 1.66 (skala Pauling)
Energi ionisasi
(detil)
ke-1: 652.9 kJ/mol
ke-2: 1590.6 kJ/mol
ke-3: 2987 kJ/mol
Jari-jari atom 140 pm
Jari-jari atom (terhitung) 166 pm
Jari-jari kovalen 127 pm
Lain-lain
Sifat magnetik AFM (rather: SDW)
Resistivitas listrik (20 °C) 125 nΩ·m
Konduktivitas termal (300 K) 93.9 W/(m·K)
Ekspansi termal (25 °C) 4.9 µm/(m·K)
Kecepatan suara (pada wujud kawat) (20 °C) 5940 m/s
Modulus Young 279 GPa
Modulus rigiditas 115 GPa
Modulus ruah 160 GPa
Nisbah Poisson 0.21
Skala kekerasan Mohs 8.5
Kekerasan Vickers 1060 MPa
Kekerasan Brinell 1120 MPa
Nomor CAS 7440-47-3
Isotop
iso NA waktu paruh DM DE (MeV) DP
50Cr syn > 1.8×1017y εε - 50Ti
51Cr syn 27.7025 d ε - 51V
γ 0.320 -
52Cr 83.789% Cr stabil dengan 28 neutron
53Cr 9.501% Cr stabil dengan 29 neutron
54Cr 2.365% Cr stabil dengan 30 neutron
Referensi

Kromium adalah sebuah unsur kimia dalam tabel periodik yang memiliki lambang Cr dan nomor atom 24.

Kromium trivalen (Cr(III), atau Cr3+) diperlukan dalam jumlah kecil dalam metabolisme gula pada manusia. Kekurangan kromium trivalen dapat menyebabkan penyakit yang disebut penyakit kekurangan kromium (chromium deficiency).


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