中文摘要
各式各樣的結合表面改質及陶瓷硬膜複合處理技術以強化加工刀具表
面耐磨性已十分廣泛。然其應用在剪切刀具的實例及探討仍相當缺乏。因
此本研究應用離子氮化與氮化鈦硬膜複合處理技術於一般常用SK5 碳工具
鋼與63CRM 鉻鉬低合金鋼剪刀表面，評估其氮化層結構對表層硬膜之相容
性，及硬膜被覆時使用不同轟擊條件所造成之基材昇溫效應，對刀具複合
處理之剪切性質有何影響，同時評估其取代高週波硬化加鍍硬鉻現行製程
之可能性。
研究中採用脈衝電源離子氮化刀具後，再以陰極電弧放電離子被覆技
術在預氮化刀具表面沉積氮化鈦鍍膜；以微硬度計量測其表面及截面硬度
分佈；以刮痕試驗法量測其鍍膜附著性，並利用SEM 及其之附屬EDS 進
行刮痕表層元素分佈分析；以X 光繞射法測定其結構；分別以刀具剪力測
試機檢測63CRM 剪刀的鐵皮剪剪切響應及人工測試SK5 剪刀之光纜剪切
響應；以OM 及SEM 觀察剪切後的破壞形態。
綜合微結構分析結果與刀片表面硬度的變化可知，適當控制離子氮化
過程中所用的氮流量，可使表層生成不同的化合物層及擴散層，高氮氣流
量及較長的氮化時間上，提供了一層較厚的化合物層，以提升刀片的表面
硬度。實驗以固定的氮流量70%的氮化條件下氮化20 小時可得ε-Fe3N 及
γ´-Fe4N 双相共存結構，以獲得較高的表面硬度，TiN 鍍膜在低轟擊溫度所
得複合處理之刀片上具有較高的附著性。隨著轟擊溫度的昇高至400℃以
上，會導致基材的回火軟化促使TiN 的附著性降低。XRD 繞射結果顯示，
無論被覆在任何氮化組織或不同轟擊溫度之基材上，TiN 鍍層皆具TiN(111)
優選方位。顯現出鍍層之結構並未受複合處理條件不同而改變。
複合處理在剪切刀具上的應用研究
逢甲大學e-Thesys（91 學年度）
II
剪切測試顯示，63CRM 其剪切結果是基材直接被覆TiN 硬膜其刃口損
傷最嚴重，單一鍍層與基材間的硬度梯度陡峭，無法顯現承載能力和抗磨
能力。依次是高週波表面硬化加鍍硬鉻之複合處理。300℃、350℃、以及
400℃離子氮化再被覆陶瓷硬膜TiN 之剪切刀具最長之剪切壽命。而SK5
光纜剪刀剪切結果，以不發生回火軟化的350℃離子氮化再被覆陶瓷硬膜
TiN 的剪刀表現最為出色。由此可以驗證出低溫複合處理後之剪刀較一般常
規之高週波表面硬化有較佳的耐磨耗性，使剪切效能提高。此乃預氮化層
提供給硬膜更大的負荷承載力而使硬膜在剪切過程中能忍受較大的摩擦剪
應力減緩刃片早期崩刃、變形及斷裂。研究結果顯現複合處理在剪切刀具
方面的可行性獲得證實。
關鍵詞 : 複合處理、碳工具鋼、鉻鉬低合金鋼、鐵皮剪、光纖纜線剪、離
子氮化、氮化鈦陶瓷鍍膜
Abstract
Duplex treatments combine with alloy surface modifications and ceramic
hard coatings are well developed and successfully improve the wear-resistance
of metal forming and machining tools. Among those, such as physical vapor
deposited hard coatings / plasma nitriding are widely employed on cutting and
die-casting tools to extend their service life. Little is known on shears and
scissors. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the possibility of applying
plasma nitriding-cathodic arc plasma ion plated TiN hard coating duplex
treatment on SK5 carbon steel scissor blades and 63CRM alloy steel scissor
blades,which are used to shear fibre optics cables and iron sheet, respectively.
The compatibility of TiN coatings to various nitriding layers with different
phases, which are influenced by substrate temperature during ion bombarding
period of coating process are investigated. The service life of treated scissors
was also tested, and compared with currently used scissors treated by induction
hardening / hard chromium plating for possible alternative.
In this study, pulsed DC power was used in plasma nitriding process and
cathodic arc plasma ion plating technique was used to deposit TiN coating on
the nitrided specimens. The surface and cross-section hardness of specimens
are measured by micro Vickers indentation test. Scratch test was used to
複合處理在剪切刀具上的應用研究
逢甲大學e-Thesys（91 學年度）
IV
determine adhesion strength of TiN coatings. Surface structure of the treated
specimens was characterized by X-ray diffractometer. The performance of
scissors were evaluated and recorded. The failure mode on shear blades was
observed by optical microscope and scanning electron microscope.
Experimental results show that structure of the nitriding layer can be
manipulated by appropriately adjusting the nitrogen flow ratio during nitriding
process. Higher nitrogen flow and longer nitriding time provides thicker
compound layer and thus higher surface hardness of specimen. Ion
bombarding at lower temperature prior to TiN coating exhibits higher adhesion
strength, which would be decreased over 400℃. (111) preferred orientation
of TiN is obserred, regardless of microstructure of nitriding layer and deposition
temperature.
Performance test of the shear blades result show that without nitriding, TiN
coated 63CRM and SK5 scissors were damaged most seriously due to the
tremendous hardness difference of coating and substrate. TiN coating
could not bear such high shear stress during service. The duplex-treated shear
blades prenitrided at temperature 300, 350, and 400℃ all exhibit higher shearing
life than currently used scissors with induction hardening / hard chromium
plating. However higher nitrding temperature provides higher service life.
This demonstrate the possibility of applying plasma nitriding / PVD hard
複合處理在剪切刀具上的應用研究
逢甲大學e-Thesys（91 學年度）
V
coating duplex treatment on shearing tools.
Keywords : Duplex treatment, Carbon steel, Cr-Mo low alloy steel, shears ,
Fibre optics cables scissors , Ion nitriding, TiN ceramic hard coating
Bewise Inc. www.tool-tool.com Reference source from the internet.
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不在工件的轴向剖面内。平面MM与工件圆锥表面的交线
呈 一外凸的双曲线形状。因此，若要切出正确的工件形状（即圆锥面表面），必须使MM平面内的切削刃形状与相应的外凸双曲线形状完全一致，即为一内凹的双曲 线。但实际上为了简化刀具的设计与制造，常将该剖面中的切削刃形状作成直线，这就必然在工件上多切除一部分材料，从而产生形状误差，即双曲线误差。
宽 度与工件廓形宽度是相等的(在一些特殊情况下，允许车刀截形宽度大于工件廓形宽度），因此只要在安装刀具时，使刀具的切削刃与工件回转轴线在同一水平面 内，使切削刃与工件锥体母线相吻合，加工出的工件便不会产生双曲线误差，而是标准的圆锥面。在图1b中，只要将车刀以基点1为轴心稍加扭转，便可使切削刃
）。在此条件下加工工件，便不会产生表面形状误差。
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