Allikas: Vikipeedia
6 | 4 2 |
C 12,01115 | |
Süsinik |
Süsinik on keemiline element järjenumbriga 6.
Tal on kaks stabiilset isotoopi massiarvudega 12 ja 13.
Looduses leidub ka radioaktiivset isotoopi massiarvuga 14, mille poolestusaeg on 5700 aastat ja mis tekib kosmilise kiirguse toimel.
Süsinik on mittemetall.
Süsinikul on kalduvus moodustada 4 sidet, või vastaval arvul mitmekordseid sidemeid. Et süsinik moodustab palju vähepolaarseid kovalentseid sidemeid, on oksüdatsiooniastme määramine sageli raske.
Tal on palju allotroopseid vorme. Tavatingimustes on neist stabiilseim grafiit. Teisteks vormideks on teemant ja mitmesugused karbüünide ja fullereenide vormid.
Süsiniku stabiilseim oksiid on süsihappegaas (CO2). Oluline on ka süsinikoksiid (CO).
Süsinik on oluline element orgaanilistes ühendites ning kesksel kohal orgaanilises keemias. Seetõttu nimetatakse seda keemiavaldkonda sageli ka süsinikukeemiaks.
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BW Bewise Inc.
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